#62 Mandolin in Rochester, New York

Recently, a few people told me they have stumbled upon my website, so I thought, maybe the site is due for a little update.

Back in May 2022, the Classical Mandolin Society of America reached out to the Rochester Mandolin Orchestra, and see if the RMO would be interested in hosting the annual convention. We were a young group back then, but we ended up accepting the challenge and agreed to host the convention in 2024. Coinciding with a serendipitous encounter of an old picture of a mandolin orchestra from Rochester, I started looking into the history of mandolin in Rochester, and ended up writing two articles for the CMSA Journal. I thoroughly enjoyed learning about the different generations of mandolin orchestras since 1880s: with Fred B. Crittenden and M.E. Wolff (with annual performances at the Lyceum Theatre), Arabella Krug, Don Santos, and the Ukrainian Mandolin Orchestra. Here is a short summary of the articles, published through WXXI Classical. And if you are interested in reading the full articles, here is a PDF with the two articles combined into one.

Through the research, I have learned about a few unique characters from the Rochester music scene before the 1930s (hopefully, a later post), as well as the history of classical guitar in Rochester (this is my current focus). This post is to supplement one piece of Rochester mandolin history I failed to mention in my articles: the story of the current rendition of the RMO.


Although I went to school to study classical guitar, I grew up playing 12 years of violin. I had a cheap mandolin before I studied guitar, as I was fascinated by the Brazilian choro. As soon as I learned the mandolin share the same tuning as the violin, I got myself a Rogue mandolin for $50 on Craigslist, and tried to learn choro songs on my own (and it wasn’t very successful). As I got more focused on guitar studies, I stopped playing the mandolin entirely. It wasn’t till I was finishing up graduate school that I picked up the mandolin and choro again. And it was a lot easier than I thought, as I had 8 to 9 years of intense training in guitar and music theory at that point – I knew how to practice, my ears and reading abilities were much better.

In the summer of 2018, I had a chance to teach a summer music camp in Atlanta, Georgia (which also resulted in a visit to Mississippi. This will be a later post). I was driving around one afternoon, and saw an advertisement of an upcoming concert presented by the Atlanta Mandolin Orchestra. I had experience playing in an orchestra when I was very young (until around age 11), but since becoming a classical guitarist, I hardly play with an orchestra. I was very curious, reached out to the AMO, and asked if I could sit in with them. Thinking back, this must sounded really cocky.!They accommodated my request with much generosity – they told me that it wouldn’t be easy to add a new member so close to a performance, but they offered me a free ticket to attend. The concert was very fun and the program eclectic, with performances by soloists, small groups, and full orchestras, performing music from J.S. Bach, to Duke Ellington and Antonio Carlos Jobim.

In the Fall of 2018, I was attending a concert (Muriel Anderson…?), and a friend from the Rochester Guitar Club, Tom Napoli, shared that he was interested in putting a mandolin group together. In February 2019, we began hosting a monthly meeting at Bernunzio Uptown Music on Saturday afternoons. John the owner is an avid supporter of local music, and often shared stories about his mandolin lessons with Veda Santos, long time music teacher and wife of the virtuoso, music teacher, and publisher Don Santos. Without hesitation, John added us to his rosters of workshops and jams every Saturday. The meetings at Berninzio’s were open sessions for anyone to join, and we sent out sheet music in advance for people to practice. The world stopped in March 2020, but as the summer came around, a few of the session attendees expressed interests in playing outdoors with social distancing. We met through the summer of 2020 in Tom’s backyard, and that small dedicated group of 8 or so people became the backbone of the Rochester Mandolin Orchestra.

#13 Smithsonian Folkways Recordings – a mandolin orchestra from Rochester?

Amongst the instructional vinyls/booklets from the Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, the Mandolin Instruction: Old Time, Country & Fiddle Tunes by Michael Holmes is worth a separate post, because it contains a picture of a mandolin group from Rochester in 1927!

I was told by Mr. John Bernunzio – owner of Bernunzio Uptown Music, that the mandolin was popular in Rochester back in the day, but a google search of “Rochester Mandolin Orchestra” does not yield much. On his blog, John showed a picture of a mandolin orchestra from Rochester ca. 1920 . I tried comparing personnel in John’s picture with the one above… I am not at all good at recognizing faces, and I don’t think they are the same group. What do you think?

The group name “Arabella F. Krug and Orchestra” is also interesting. Why were they not the “Rochester Mandolin Orchestra”? It’s easy to name a group after the town/city one resides in, and I understand it usually comes with good intention: to build something for the community. But, I have heard stories of people resenting groups named after a city/town – do the groups really represent everyone in town?

Anyhow, the Folkways vinyl booklet also contain a lot of pictures of other musical/mandolin groups and advertisements between 1890 to 1927. Pictures of musical groups include:

  • South’s greatest “Old-time string band” from “Old Virginny”
  • Bellson Plectral Orchestra, St. Paul, Minnesota
  • Killgore’s Orchestra, Grand Rapids, Michgan
  • M.E. Sunday School String Orchestra, Galena, Kansas
  • The Lavery Gibson Club, Detriot, Michigan
  • Terrace Garden Quartet, Chicago, Illinois
  • Rybka’s Orchestra, Portland, Oregon
  • Silk City Plectral Sextet, Paterson, New Jersey
  • Gibson Mandolin Club, Hagerstown, Maryland
  • Floreine Mandolin Club, St. Louis, Missouri
  • The Cadenza Mandolin Orchestra, Spokane, Washington
  • The Monroe Brothers and Byron Parker (The Old Hired Hand)
  • Hoyt Ming & the Pepsteppers

John mentioned about taking mandolin lessons from Veda Santos, and kindly lent me a few mandolin method books from Don Santos (Veda’s husband). Naturally, I had to look them up. Not much could be found about Veda other than a few blog posts from John, but a few interesting things came along by looking up Don Santos:

a) he published method books for many instruments – plectrum guitar, tenor banjo, mandolin, Hawaiian guitar, and accordion (by William Turnboo) (could there be more?);

b) a front cover picture on the Crescendo magazine from 1925 that praised him as a sought after teacher and performer;

c) reports from the Music Trade Review on the annual Santos contest for banjos, guitars and mandolin bands in Rochester, with banjo bands, mandolin orchestras, Hawaiian guitar bands, and Spanish guitar bands(!?); and

d) banjo virtuoso Frederick J. Bacon published music through Santos’s publishing company (various footnotes in Fred Bacon’s Wikipedia page).